JIS F7381-1988 船用5kgf/cm**2青铜法兰式旋塞
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【英文标准名称】:
【原文标准名称】:船用5kgf/cm**2青铜法兰式旋塞
【标准号】:JISF7381-1988
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:日本
【发布日期】:1988-01-05
【实施或试行日期】:1988-01-05
【发布单位】:日本工业标准调查会(JISC)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:法兰;海船;青铜;旋塞阀
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:U53
【国际标准分类号】:
【页数】:
【正文语种】:
【原文标准名称】:船用5kgf/cm**2青铜法兰式旋塞
【标准号】:JISF7381-1988
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:日本
【发布日期】:1988-01-05
【实施或试行日期】:1988-01-05
【发布单位】:日本工业标准调查会(JISC)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:法兰;海船;青铜;旋塞阀
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:U53
【国际标准分类号】:
【页数】:
【正文语种】:
下载地址: 点击此处下载
【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforHeatAgingofPlasticsWithoutLoad
【原文标准名称】:通用的玻璃制品齿轮油氧化和热稳定特性的标准实施规程
【标准号】:ASTMD3045-1992(2010)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1992
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D20.50
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:aging;exposure;heat;heat-aging;thermal-aging;Acceleratedaging/testing--plastics;Heataging;Heatingtests--plastics;Oxidationtesting--plastics;Thermalanalysis(TA)--plastics
【摘要】:Theuseofthispracticepresupposesthatthefailurecriteriaselectedtoevaluatematerials(thatis,thepropertyorpropertiesbeingmeasuredasafunctionofexposuretime)andthedurationoftheexposurecanbeshowntorelatetotheintendeduseofthematerials.Plasticmaterialsexposedtoheatmaybesubjecttomanytypesofphysicalandchemicalchanges.Theseverityoftheexposuresinbothtimeandtemperaturedeterminestheextentandtypeofchangethattakesplace.Aplasticmaterialisnotnecessarilydegradedbyexposuretoelevatedtemperatures,butmaybeunchangedorimproved.However,extendedperiodsofexposureofplasticstoelevatedtemperatureswillgenerallycausesomedegradation,withprogressivechangeinphysicalproperties.Generally,shortexposuresatelevatedtemperaturesmaydriveoutvolatilessuchasmoisture,solvents,orplasticizers,relievemoldingstresses,advancethecureofthermosets,andmaycausesomechangeincoloroftheplasticorcoloringagent,orboth.Normally,additionalshrinkageshouldbeexpectedwithlossofvolatilesoradvanceinpolymerization.Someplasticmaterialsmaybecomebrittleduetolossofplasticizersafterexposureatelevatedtemperatures.Othertypesofplasticsmaybecomesoftandsticky,eitherduetosorptionofvolatilizedplasticizerorduetobreakdownofthepolymer.Thedegreeofchangeobservedwilldependonthepropertymeasured.Differentproperties,mechanicalorelectrical,maynotchangeatthesamerate.Forinstance,thearcresistanceofthermosettingcompoundsimprovesuptothecarbonizationpointofthematerial.Mechanicalproperties,suchasflexuralproperties,aresensitivetoheatdegradationandmaychangeatamorerapidrate.Ultimatepropertiessuchasstrengthorelongationaremoresensitivetodegradationthanbulkpropertiessuchasmodulus,inmostcases.Effectsofexposuremaybequitevariable,especiallywhenspecimensareexposedforlongintervalsoftime.Factorsthataffectthereproducibilityofdataarethedegreeoftemperaturecontroloftheenclosure,humidityoftheoven,airvelocityoverthespecimen,andperiodofexposure.Errorsinexposurearecumulativewithtime.Certainmaterialsaresusceptibletodegradationduetotheinfluenceofhumidityinlong-termheatresistancetests.Materialssusceptibletohydrolysismayundergodegradationwhensubjectedtolong-termheatresistancetests.Itisnottobeinferredthatcomparativematerialrankingisundesirableorunworkable.Onthecontrary,thispracticeisdesignedtoprovidedatawhichcanbeusedforsuchcomparativepurposes.However,thedataobtainedfromthispractice,sinceitdoesnotaccountfortheinfluenceofstressorenvironmentthatisinvolvedinmostreallifeapplications,mustbeusedcautiouslybythedesigner,whomustinevitablymakematerialchoicesusingadditionaldatasuchascreepandcreeprupturethatareconsistentwiththerequirementsofhisspecificapplication.Itispossibleformanytemperatureindexestoexist,infact,oneforeachfailurecriterion.Therefore,foranyapplicationofthetemperatureindextobevalid,thethermalagingprogrammustduplicatetheintendedexposureconditionsoftheendproduct.Ifthematerialisstressedintheendproductinamannernotevaluatedintheagingprogram,thetemperatureindexthusderivedisnotapplicabletotheuseofthematerialinthatproduct.TherecanbeverylargeerrorswhenArrheniusplotsorequationsbasedondatafromexperimentsataseriesoftemperaturesareusedtoestimatetimetoproduceadefinedpropertychangeatsomelowertemperature.Thisestimateoftimetoproducethepropertychangeorx201C;failurex201D;atthelowertemperatureisoftencalledthex201C;【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforFlexuralPropertiesofPolymerMatrixCompositeMaterials
【原文标准名称】:聚合物基复合材料弯曲性能标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD7264/D7264M-2007
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2007
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D30.04
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:fiber-reinforcedcomposites;flexuralproperties;stiffness;strength
【摘要】:Thistestmethoddeterminestheflexuralproperties(includingstrength,stiffness,andload/deflectionbehavior)ofpolymermatrixcompositematerialsundertheconditionsdefined.ProcedureAisusedforthree-pointloadingandProcedureBisusedforfour-pointloading.Thistestmethodwasdevelopedforoptimumusewithcontinuous-fiber-reinforcedpolymermatrixcompositesanddiffersinseveralrespectsfromotherflexuremethods,includingtheuseofastandardspan-to-thicknessratioof32:1versusthe16:1ratiousedbyTestMethodsD790(aplastics-focusedmethodcoveringthree-pointflexure)andD6272(aplastics-focusedmethodcoveringfour-pointflexure).Thistestmethodisintendedtointerrogatelong-beamstrengthincontrasttotheshort-beamstrengthevaluatedbyTestMethodD2344/D2344M.Flexuralpropertiesdeterminedbytheseprocedurescanbeusedforqualitycontrolandspecificationpurposes,andmayfinddesignapplications.Theseprocedurescanbeusefulintheevaluationofmultipleenvironmentalconditionstodeterminewhicharedesigndriversandmayrequirefurthertesting.Theseproceduresmayalsobeusedtodetermineflexuralpropertiesofstructures.1.1Thistestmethoddeterminestheflexuralstiffnessandstrengthpropertiesofpolymermatrixcomposites.1.1.1ProcedureA8212;Athree-pointloadingsystemutilizingcenterloadingonasimplysupportedbeam.1.1.2ProcedureB8212;Afour-pointloadingsystemutilizingtwoloadpointsequallyspacedfromtheiradjacentsupportpoints,withadistancebetweenloadpointsofone-halfofthesupportspan.Note18212;UnlikeTestMethodD6272,whichallowsloadingatbothone-thirdandone-halfofthesupportspan,inordertostandardizegeometryandsimplifycalculationsthisstandardpermitsloadingatonlyone-halfthesupportspan.1.2Forcomparisonpurposes,testsmaybeconductedaccordingtoeithertestprocedure,providedthatthesameprocedureisusedforalltests,sincethetwoproceduresgenerallygiveslightlydifferentpropertyvalues.1.3ThevaluesstatedineitherSIunitsorinch-poundunitsaretoberegardedseparatelyasstandard.Withinthetext,theinch-poundunitsareshowninbrackets.Thevaluesstatedineachsystemarenotexactequivalents;therefore,eachsystemmustbeusedindependentlyoftheother.Combiningvaluesfromthetwosystemsmayresultinnonconformancewiththestandard.1.4Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:G31
【国际标准分类号】:83_120
【页数】:11P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【原文标准名称】:通用的玻璃制品齿轮油氧化和热稳定特性的标准实施规程
【标准号】:ASTMD3045-1992(2010)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1992
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D20.50
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:aging;exposure;heat;heat-aging;thermal-aging;Acceleratedaging/testing--plastics;Heataging;Heatingtests--plastics;Oxidationtesting--plastics;Thermalanalysis(TA)--plastics
【摘要】:Theuseofthispracticepresupposesthatthefailurecriteriaselectedtoevaluatematerials(thatis,thepropertyorpropertiesbeingmeasuredasafunctionofexposuretime)andthedurationoftheexposurecanbeshowntorelatetotheintendeduseofthematerials.Plasticmaterialsexposedtoheatmaybesubjecttomanytypesofphysicalandchemicalchanges.Theseverityoftheexposuresinbothtimeandtemperaturedeterminestheextentandtypeofchangethattakesplace.Aplasticmaterialisnotnecessarilydegradedbyexposuretoelevatedtemperatures,butmaybeunchangedorimproved.However,extendedperiodsofexposureofplasticstoelevatedtemperatureswillgenerallycausesomedegradation,withprogressivechangeinphysicalproperties.Generally,shortexposuresatelevatedtemperaturesmaydriveoutvolatilessuchasmoisture,solvents,orplasticizers,relievemoldingstresses,advancethecureofthermosets,andmaycausesomechangeincoloroftheplasticorcoloringagent,orboth.Normally,additionalshrinkageshouldbeexpectedwithlossofvolatilesoradvanceinpolymerization.Someplasticmaterialsmaybecomebrittleduetolossofplasticizersafterexposureatelevatedtemperatures.Othertypesofplasticsmaybecomesoftandsticky,eitherduetosorptionofvolatilizedplasticizerorduetobreakdownofthepolymer.Thedegreeofchangeobservedwilldependonthepropertymeasured.Differentproperties,mechanicalorelectrical,maynotchangeatthesamerate.Forinstance,thearcresistanceofthermosettingcompoundsimprovesuptothecarbonizationpointofthematerial.Mechanicalproperties,suchasflexuralproperties,aresensitivetoheatdegradationandmaychangeatamorerapidrate.Ultimatepropertiessuchasstrengthorelongationaremoresensitivetodegradationthanbulkpropertiessuchasmodulus,inmostcases.Effectsofexposuremaybequitevariable,especiallywhenspecimensareexposedforlongintervalsoftime.Factorsthataffectthereproducibilityofdataarethedegreeoftemperaturecontroloftheenclosure,humidityoftheoven,airvelocityoverthespecimen,andperiodofexposure.Errorsinexposurearecumulativewithtime.Certainmaterialsaresusceptibletodegradationduetotheinfluenceofhumidityinlong-termheatresistancetests.Materialssusceptibletohydrolysismayundergodegradationwhensubjectedtolong-termheatresistancetests.Itisnottobeinferredthatcomparativematerialrankingisundesirableorunworkable.Onthecontrary,thispracticeisdesignedtoprovidedatawhichcanbeusedforsuchcomparativepurposes.However,thedataobtainedfromthispractice,sinceitdoesnotaccountfortheinfluenceofstressorenvironmentthatisinvolvedinmostreallifeapplications,mustbeusedcautiouslybythedesigner,whomustinevitablymakematerialchoicesusingadditionaldatasuchascreepandcreeprupturethatareconsistentwiththerequirementsofhisspecificapplication.Itispossibleformanytemperatureindexestoexist,infact,oneforeachfailurecriterion.Therefore,foranyapplicationofthetemperatureindextobevalid,thethermalagingprogrammustduplicatetheintendedexposureconditionsoftheendproduct.Ifthematerialisstressedintheendproductinamannernotevaluatedintheagingprogram,thetemperatureindexthusderivedisnotapplicabletotheuseofthematerialinthatproduct.TherecanbeverylargeerrorswhenArrheniusplotsorequationsbasedondatafromexperimentsataseriesoftemperaturesareusedtoestimatetimetoproduceadefinedpropertychangeatsomelowertemperature.Thisestimateoftimetoproducethepropertychangeorx201C;failurex201D;atthelowertemperatureisoftencalledthex201C;【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforFlexuralPropertiesofPolymerMatrixCompositeMaterials
【原文标准名称】:聚合物基复合材料弯曲性能标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD7264/D7264M-2007
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2007
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D30.04
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:fiber-reinforcedcomposites;flexuralproperties;stiffness;strength
【摘要】:Thistestmethoddeterminestheflexuralproperties(includingstrength,stiffness,andload/deflectionbehavior)ofpolymermatrixcompositematerialsundertheconditionsdefined.ProcedureAisusedforthree-pointloadingandProcedureBisusedforfour-pointloading.Thistestmethodwasdevelopedforoptimumusewithcontinuous-fiber-reinforcedpolymermatrixcompositesanddiffersinseveralrespectsfromotherflexuremethods,includingtheuseofastandardspan-to-thicknessratioof32:1versusthe16:1ratiousedbyTestMethodsD790(aplastics-focusedmethodcoveringthree-pointflexure)andD6272(aplastics-focusedmethodcoveringfour-pointflexure).Thistestmethodisintendedtointerrogatelong-beamstrengthincontrasttotheshort-beamstrengthevaluatedbyTestMethodD2344/D2344M.Flexuralpropertiesdeterminedbytheseprocedurescanbeusedforqualitycontrolandspecificationpurposes,andmayfinddesignapplications.Theseprocedurescanbeusefulintheevaluationofmultipleenvironmentalconditionstodeterminewhicharedesigndriversandmayrequirefurthertesting.Theseproceduresmayalsobeusedtodetermineflexuralpropertiesofstructures.1.1Thistestmethoddeterminestheflexuralstiffnessandstrengthpropertiesofpolymermatrixcomposites.1.1.1ProcedureA8212;Athree-pointloadingsystemutilizingcenterloadingonasimplysupportedbeam.1.1.2ProcedureB8212;Afour-pointloadingsystemutilizingtwoloadpointsequallyspacedfromtheiradjacentsupportpoints,withadistancebetweenloadpointsofone-halfofthesupportspan.Note18212;UnlikeTestMethodD6272,whichallowsloadingatbothone-thirdandone-halfofthesupportspan,inordertostandardizegeometryandsimplifycalculationsthisstandardpermitsloadingatonlyone-halfthesupportspan.1.2Forcomparisonpurposes,testsmaybeconductedaccordingtoeithertestprocedure,providedthatthesameprocedureisusedforalltests,sincethetwoproceduresgenerallygiveslightlydifferentpropertyvalues.1.3ThevaluesstatedineitherSIunitsorinch-poundunitsaretoberegardedseparatelyasstandard.Withinthetext,theinch-poundunitsareshowninbrackets.Thevaluesstatedineachsystemarenotexactequivalents;therefore,eachsystemmustbeusedindependentlyoftheother.Combiningvaluesfromthetwosystemsmayresultinnonconformancewiththestandard.1.4Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:G31
【国际标准分类号】:83_120
【页数】:11P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
